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Survivin belongs to inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) protein family and it interferes with activation of caspases, other post-mitochondrial events. Survivin is expressed in most tumors, it regulates the cell cycle, but it is undetectable in heavily differentiated normal cells and tissues. Survivin expression occurs during G2/M phase of the cell cycle. During the intial stages of mitosis, survivin ineracts with microtubules of the mitotic spindle apparatus and that is heavily regulated by microtubule dynamics. Survivin?s anti-apoptotic activity is lost by disruption of survivin-microtubule interactions, it results in increase caspase-3 activity subsequent cell death during mitosis. Survivin?s nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling is controlled by nuclear export signal (NES), it is necessary for the anti-apoptotic function of survivin. Inhibition of the NES makes cells more susceptible to chemotherapy- or radiotherapy-induced apoptosis. The interrelation of survivin expression with tumor progression is controversial, A recent study indicated nucelar survivin involved in promoting cell proliferation in most (if not all) cases, whereas the cytoplasmic pool of survivin may participate in controlling cell survival but not cell proliferation