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The high CNPase expression is seen in myelin-producing cells, including oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells. CNPase participate in RNA metabolism in the myelinating cell, CNP is the third most abundant protein in central nervous system myelin; accounts for roughly 4% of the total myelin protein in the central nervous system (CNS). CNPase binds to tubulin heterodimers and plays a role in tubulin polymerization and oligodendrocyte process outgrowth. The enzyme isolated from the mammalian brain is primarily a mixed dimer of approximately 94 kDa. The dimer consists of a varied proportion of CNP1 (46 kDa) and CNP2 (48 kDa) subunits in various species. Since the enzyme is a myelin-associated enzyme, it is of considerable interest in the study of diseases and disorders in which myelin is affected; such as multiple sclerosis, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, acquired immunodeficiency with CNS involvement, and peripheral neuropathies.